Introduction to  Solidity:


Solidity is an object-oriented, high-level language for implementing smart contracts. Smart contracts are programs which govern the behaviour of accounts within the Ethereum state. Solidity is a curly-bracket language designed to target the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). It is influenced by C++, Python and JavaScript. You can find more details about which languages Solidity has been inspired by in the language influences section. Solidity is statically typed, supports inheritance, libraries and complex user-defined types among other features. With Solidity you can create contracts for uses such as voting, crowdfunding, blind auctions, and multi-signature wallets.

Solidity is a high level language inspired by Python, C++, and JavaScript. It is a language aimed at building smart contracts of any kind.  If you ever wonder what DAPP stands for, it is a decentralized application, or a DAPP. So, in other words, Etherium is a platform to build DAPPs and Solidity is the language. Solidity supports types, inheritance, and libraries, and aim at the Etherium virtual machine, or EVM. You can install a compiler for Mac, Windows, or Linux, or even try it on the web with Remix. Solidity also has many plugins and extensions for many of the most popular IDEs and editors, such as IntelliJ IDEA, Visual Studio, and it's sibling, VSCode, Atom, and many more.


Solidity is a statically-typed curly-braces programming language designed for developing smart contracts that run on the Ethereum Virtual Machine. Smart contracts are programs that are executed inside a peer-to-peer network where nobody has special authority over the execution, and thus they allow anyone to implement tokens of value, ownership, voting, and other kinds of logic.


What is Ethereum?
Ethereum is a decentralized ie. blockchain platform that runs smart contracts i.e. applications that run exactly as programmed without any possibility of downtime, censorship, fraud or third-party interference.


Smart Contract:
Smart contracts are high-level program codes that are compiled to EVM byte code and deployed to the ethereum blockchain for further execution. It allows us to perform credible transactions without any interference of the third party, these transactions are trackable and irreversible. Languages used to write smart contracts are Solidity (a language library with similarities to C and JavaScript), Serpent (similar to Python, but deprecated), LLL (a low-level Lisp-like language), and Mutan (Go-based, but deprecated).


Introduction to smart contracts:

 A smart contract is basically code or an automated process that handles the transaction in between two parties without a middle man.  Let's say, for example, you'd like to have your will handled by a smart contract. You could define the specific conditions of this contract through code and upon your death this program and not a third party would handle your will. For example, you could write out a condition that your grandson receives 10% of your heritage but only if he is enrolled into a university and is 21 years of age or older. And add as many rules in the smart contract as you wish, the smart contract or the code would handle your affairs without the need of a third party. So you deposit your inheritance into this smart contract most likely into a cryptocurrency, and until your condition of death and any other conditions are met, will the contract execute. This in it's simplest form constitutes a smart contract and anywhere a transaction needs to happen in between two parties, you could use a smart contract putting you in full control of these transactions and automating it.